{"id":990858,"date":"2023-12-29T02:14:35","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T23:14:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/?p=990858"},"modified":"2026-07-17T23:31:49","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T20:31:49","slug":"sarap-karsitligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/en\/sarap-karsitligi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015earap Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Tarih boyunca kadehlerimize ve ba\u011flar\u0131m\u0131za y\u00f6nelen radikal hamleleri incelerken, as\u0131rl\u0131k bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l bask\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek sars\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Aral\u0131k ay\u0131ndaki b\u00fcltenlerimizden birinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u015farap \u00fcretimine a\u011f\u0131r darbe vuracak yeni bir karar duyurmu\u015ftuk. \u00d6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticilerin zaten k\u0131r\u0131lgan olan mali yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 daha da zora sokacak olan do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f vergilerin tahsil edilememesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 talep edilen teminat akla zarar bir uygulama. Dileriz bu uygulaman\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7mesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterilen \u00e7abalar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kalmaz.<\/p>\r\n

Toplumsal Kontrol ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel K\u0131r\u0131lma: Yasaklar\u0131n Sosyolojisi<\/h2>\r\n

Tarihsel d\u00fczlemde \u015farap kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da genel anlamda alkol yasaklar\u0131, nadiren yaln\u0131zca halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kayg\u0131lar\u0131yla \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir; bu hamleler \u00e7o\u011funlukla toplumsal kontrol\u00fc elinde tutmak isteyen otoritelerin dikey birer siyasi ve ideolojik enstr\u00fcman\u0131d\u0131r. Antik \u00e7a\u011flardan modern d\u00f6neme kadar \u015farap, \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin, felsefi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, sanatsal \u00fcretimin ve otoriteye kar\u015f\u0131 sivil \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerin ye\u015ferdi\u011fi o me\u015fhur ziyafetlerin, meyhanelerin ve meclislerin kurucu ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, \u015faraba ve onun etraf\u0131nda filizlenen k\u00fclt\u00fcre getirilen her radikal k\u0131s\u0131tlama, asl\u0131nda bireylerin kamusal alandaki d\u00fcr\u00fcst etkile\u015fim kanallar\u0131n\u0131 ve entelekt\u00fcel kolektif haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru bask\u0131lama amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. \u015earap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn geriletilmesi, toplumlar\u0131n as\u0131rl\u0131k zanaatk\u00e2r \u00fcretim geleneklerinden, tar\u0131msal biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik miras\u0131ndan ve ne\u015feli ya\u015fam esteti\u011finden kopar\u0131lmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanan derin bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u0131r\u0131lma yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n

Ekonomik ve Ekolojik Tahribat: Ba\u011flar\u0131n Sessiz Tasfiyesi<\/h2>\r\n

Bir co\u011frafyadaki ideolojik \u015farap kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131zca kadehlerin bo\u015falmas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmaz; as\u0131l kal\u0131c\u0131 ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 darbeyi tar\u0131msal ekolojiye ve k\u0131rsal ekonomiye indirir. Ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k, asman\u0131n topra\u011fa tutunma mukavemetinden binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k endemik genetik miras\u0131n korunmas\u0131na kadar uzanan zanaata dayanan bir tar\u0131m sanat\u0131d\u0131r. Siyasi veya yasal bask\u0131larla \u015farapl\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00fcretiminin baltalanmas\u0131, as\u0131rl\u0131k k\u00f6kl\u00fc ba\u011f alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6k\u00fclmesine, binlerce y\u0131lda adapte olmu\u015f Osmanca, Erci\u015fkaras\u0131 gibi nadir yerel \u00e7e\u015fitlerin genetik olarak yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinmesine yol a\u00e7ar. K\u0131rsaldaki butik \u00fcreticinin ve ba\u011f i\u015f\u00e7isinin tasfiye edilmesi, mikroteruarlardaki ekonomik s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6kerterek end\u00fcstriyel monok\u00fclt\u00fcr tar\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7ar. \u015earap kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 her radikal politika, \u00f6z\u00fcnde Anadolu’nun o \u00e7oksesli, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitli ve an\u0131tsal tar\u0131m ekosistemine indirilmi\u015f ekolojik bir darbedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

We know that wine has been given both religious and cultural meaning for thousands of years. Wine, which is one of the examples where alcohol is used in the most moderate way, does not affect people as quickly as heavy alcoholic samples. This feature has given the wine the status of the best elite accompaniment. But it is possible to overdo everything. In case of overuse of alcohol, isn't it better to look for the responsibility of the excessive situation not on the drink but on the drinker?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u015earab\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r hem dinsel hem k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir anlam y\u00fcklendi\u011fini biliyoruz. Alkol\u00fcn en \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerden birisi olan \u015farap, a\u011f\u0131r alkoll\u00fc \u00f6rneklerde oldu\u011fu gibi insan\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zla etkilemez. Bu \u00f6zellik \u015farab\u0131, en iyi elit e\u015flik\u00e7i stat\u00fcs\u00fcne kavu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Ama her \u015feyin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ka\u00e7\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumun sorumlulu\u011funu i\u00e7ecekte de\u011fil i\u00e7ende aramak daha do\u011fru de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Anla\u015f\u0131lan, bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 politikalar\u0131 olu\u015fturanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 t\u00fcketicide de\u011fil, i\u00e7ecekte aramay\u0131 tercih ediyor. A.B.D. bu konudaki en olumsuz \u00f6rneklerden birisi. \u00dcstelik alkol kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusundaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck deste\u011fi D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019nden (WHO) al\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kampanya, \u015farapla sigaray\u0131 ayn\u0131 yerde konumland\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefliyor. Yani, b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada alkol\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararl\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten duyurular\u0131n etiketlere i\u015flenmesi ve tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 konusunda telkinde bulunuyor.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde, A.B.D. kadar olmasa da, alkole y\u00f6nelik vergilendirme uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u0130ngiltere ve Hollanda\u2019da ilk uygulamalar hayata ge\u00e7ti bile. Her ne kadar Avrupa Birli\u011fi genelinde hen\u00fcz g\u00fcndeme gelen genel ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir uygulama olmasa da, t\u00fcketicilerin bu politikalar konusunda bilgilenmesi ve seslerini y\u00fckseltmesi gerekiyor. \u00d6nce vergi koyarak cezaland\u0131rmayla ba\u015flayan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 daha sonra yasaklamalara do\u011fru evrilecek olursa m\u00fccadele etmek daha zor olacak.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de i\u015fler daha \u00e7etrefilli. Piyasa ko\u015fullar\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn zorluklara ra\u011fmen yeni \u00fcretici adaylar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015farap yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Yerel idarelerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n tesislerin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda zorluk \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, ama y\u0131lmadan m\u00fccadeleye devam ettiklerini de g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bizim WAYANA olarak yeni \u00fcreticileri ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini \u015farap severlere tan\u0131tmak konusundaki destek politikam\u0131z ayakta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00fcre boyunca devam edecek. Bug\u00fcnlerin de bir g\u00fcn geride kalaca\u011f\u0131na olan inanc\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 korumam\u0131z gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\r\n

Tarih boyunca \u015farab\u0131n etraf\u0131nda \u00f6r\u00fclen o radikal yasaklama sosyolojileri, toplumsal kontrol mekanizmalar\u0131 ve as\u0131l k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u00f6klerin mukavemeti ilginizi \u00e7ekiyorsa, blogumuzdaki di\u011fer nitelikli tarihi ve felsefi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131za da g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz:<\/p>\r\n