{"id":994610,"date":"2026-09-20T11:27:07","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T08:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/?p=994610"},"modified":"2026-09-20T11:27:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T08:27:07","slug":"sarap-terimleri-uzum-cesidi-teruar-yasli-asma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/en\/sarap-terimleri-uzum-cesidi-teruar-yasli-asma\/","title":{"rendered":"May\u0131nl\u0131 Kavramlar 2: Terimleri Do\u011fru Kullanmak"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde bir kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ad\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hatay\u0131 d\u00fczeltip \u201cPardon\u201d dedik. B\u00f6yle deyince de gerek\u00e7esini a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck ve bir \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda<\/strong><\/span><\/a> bunlar\u0131 kalem al\u0131p yay\u0131nlad\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131y\u0131 haz\u0131rlarken benzer kullan\u0131m hatalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcze \u00e7arpt\u0131. Kimsenin bilin\u00e7li olarak yanl\u0131\u015f terim kullanmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek bu konudaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 geni\u015flettik.<\/p>\n

B\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yerden devam edelim.<\/p>\n

\"\u015farap<\/h2>\n

Grape <\/span>t\u00fcr\u00fc\u00a0m\u00fc, \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00a0\u00e7e\u015fidi mi?<\/h2>\n

G\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tuzak: “Bu \u015farap hangi \u00fcz\u00fcm t\u00fcr\u00fcnden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f?”<\/em><\/p>\n

Biyolojik s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmada “t\u00fcr”, aralar\u0131nda verimli d\u00f6ller verebilen temel canl\u0131 grubunu temsil eder. Bizim ba\u011flar\u0131m\u0131zda \u015farap yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z asman\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc Vitis vinifera<\/strong>\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6k\u00fczg\u00f6z\u00fc, Bo\u011fazkere, Narince, Chardonnay veya Merlot birer t\u00fcr de\u011fildir;<\/strong> Vitis vinifera<\/em> t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn insan eliyle se\u00e7ilmi\u015f, \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f varyeteleri, yani \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitleridir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Bir benzetme yapmak gerekirse, farkl\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcmlerden bahsederken “t\u00fcr” demek, biyolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan kedi ile k\u00f6pe\u011fi ay\u0131rmak yerine Tekir ile Van kedisini ayr\u0131 birer biyolojik t\u00fcr ilan etmeye benzer.<\/p>\n

\u00d6k\u00fczg\u00f6z\u00fc, Bo\u011fazkere, Narince, Chardonnay veya Merlot gibi adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcmlerden s\u00f6z ederken do\u011fru ifade \u201c\u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidi\u201d<\/strong>dir.<\/p>\n

Teruar nedir? B\u00f6lge ve co\u011frafyadan fark\u0131 ne?<\/h2>\n

Her ba\u011f bir co\u011frafyan\u0131n i\u00e7indedir, ama her co\u011frafi alan bir teruar yarat\u0131r m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Co\u011frafya ve B\u00f6lge:<\/h3>\n

\u0130klim ku\u015faklar\u0131n\u0131, rak\u0131m\u0131, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve idari s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kapsayan fiziksel parametrelerdir. Denizli\u2019nin \u00c7al il\u00e7esi ya da Trakya birer ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k b\u00f6lgesidir.<\/p>\n

Teruar (Terroir<\/em>):<\/h3>\n

Frans\u0131zcan\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u015farap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na arma\u011fan etti\u011fi, \u00e7evirisi en zor kavram. Teruar; jeoloji (toprak tipi), topo\u011frafya (e\u011fim, bak\u0131), ya\u011f\u0131\u015f rejimi, g\u00fcn\/gece ve mevsimlik s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimleri ve en \u00f6nemlisi “insan”<\/strong> fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn kesi\u015fti\u011fi yerdir. O topra\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r i\u015fleyen ba\u011fc\u0131n\u0131n budama tekni\u011fi, hasat zaman\u0131 karar\u0131 ve \u00fcz\u00fcmle kurdu\u011fu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011f ve haf\u0131za teruar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131, co\u011frafya sahnedir; teruar ise o sahnede insanla do\u011fan\u0131n birlikte oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 oyunun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\"\u015farap<\/h2>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131 Asma (Old Vines) Ka\u00e7 Ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

\u015ei\u015felerin \u00fczerinde gururla parlayan “Old Vines”<\/em> ya da “Vieilles Vignes”<\/em> ibareleri t\u00fcketicide hakl\u0131 bir sayg\u0131 uyand\u0131r\u0131r. Peki bir asma ne zaman “ya\u015fl\u0131” say\u0131l\u0131r?<\/p>\n

OIV (Uluslararas\u0131 Ba\u011f ve \u015earap \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc) 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul etti\u011fi tan\u0131mda, ya\u015f\u0131 resmi olarak belgelenmi\u015f 35 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerindeki asmalar\u0131 \u201cya\u015fl\u0131 asma\u201d<\/strong>, asmalar\u0131n\u0131n en az %85’i bu tan\u0131ma uyan ba\u011flar\u0131 ise \u201cya\u015fl\u0131 ba\u011f\u201d<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Buna mukabil, Avustralya\u2019n\u0131n Barossa Vadisi gibi \u00e7ok kat\u0131 t\u00fcz\u00fcklerle 35, 70, 100 ve 125 ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 koyan istisnai bir b\u00f6lge.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131 asmalar ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir miras de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131yabilir. Derin ve geli\u015fmi\u015f k\u00f6k sistemleri, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck verim ve uzun y\u0131llar boyunca bulunduklar\u0131 yere uyum sa\u011flamalar\u0131 baz\u0131 ko\u015fullarda \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin ve \u015farab\u0131n karakterine katk\u0131da bulunabilir. Ancak asman\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na kalite garantisi de\u011fildir. Ama dikkat edilmesi gereken bir yan daha var: etiketlerin d\u00fcr\u00fcst\u00e7e haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Antik, Kadim ve Tarih\u00ee \u00dcz\u00fcm: Arkeoloji ile Ampelografi Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n

“Bu \u00fcz\u00fcm Hititlerden beri bu topraklarda yeti\u015fiyor.”<\/em> Kula\u011fa son derece \u015fiirsel ve b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici gelen bu iddian\u0131n bilimsel dayana\u011f\u0131 nedir?<\/p>\n

Bir b\u00f6lgede 4.000 y\u0131ld\u0131r aral\u0131ks\u0131z \u015farap yap\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131, bug\u00fcn o ba\u011fda ekili olan asman\u0131n 4.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki asmayla genetik olarak ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaz. Ba\u011flar tarih boyunca g\u00f6\u00e7lerle, sava\u015flarla, iklim krizleriyle, hastal\u0131klarla ve en \u00f6nemlisi Filoksera felaketiyle defalarca yok olmu\u015f ve yeniden kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00e7e\u015fide ampirik olarak “antik” diyebilmemiz i\u00e7in arkeobotanik kaz\u0131lardan \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015f \u00e7ekirdeklerin DNA profiliyle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fidin DNA diziliminin \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi gerekir. Aksi halde kadim olan \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn bizzat kendisi de\u011fil; o co\u011frafyan\u0131n ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k haf\u0131zas\u0131 ve medeniyet miras\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Buna bir \u00f6rnek verelim. Manisa\u2019n\u0131n G\u00f6lmarmara il\u00e7esindeki Kaymak\u00e7\u0131 H\u00f6y\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7ekirdeklerinin DNA incelemeleri yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara Antik DNA ad\u0131 veriliyor. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bize \u00e7ekirdeklerin 3.500 y\u0131ll\u0131k ve Vitis vinifera oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda \u00e7ekirdekleri bulunan \u00fcz\u00fcmlerle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc asmalardan elde etti\u011fimiz \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin o zamandan beri var olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da hesaba kat\u0131labilecek kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliyoruz. Ama elde edilen bulgular hen\u00fcz o \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc bug\u00fcnk\u00fc herhangi bir \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidiyle ili\u015fkilendirmemize yetmiyor.<\/p>\n

Yani bilimsel olarak bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerimizden herhangi birinin bundan 3.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce de kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyece\u011fimiz veri elimizde yok. Ama elbette \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yapabiliriz ve ihtiyatl\u0131 bir dille bu \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin o zamandan beri var olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da hesaba kat\u0131labilecek kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Sonunda haks\u0131z da say\u0131lmay\u0131z: bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fcz\u00fcmler de g\u00f6kten zembille inmedi.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal, Nat\u00fcrel, Organik ve Biyodinamik: Ayn\u0131 \u015eeyi S\u00f6ylemeyen Kavramlar<\/h2>\n

\u015earap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda safl\u0131k aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok kafa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kav\u015fak buras\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Organik:<\/h3>\n

\u00dcz\u00fcm\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirilmesinden \u015farab\u0131n \u00fcretimine kadar belirli kurallara ve denetime tabi bir \u00fcretim sistemidir. Ba\u011fda sentetik girdiler ciddi bi\u00e7imde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; \u015faraphanede kullan\u0131labilecek katk\u0131lar ve i\u015flemler de ilgili organik \u00fcretim mevzuat\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201corganik \u00fcz\u00fcmden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015farap\u201d ile mevzuata uygun \u201corganik \u015farap\u201d<\/strong> ayn\u0131 iddia de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Biyodinamik:<\/h3>\n

Rudolf Steiner’\u0131n 1920’lerde ortaya koydu\u011fu tar\u0131m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden geli\u015fen; \u00e7iftli\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir organizma olarak ele alan, \u00f6zel preparatlar ve belirli tar\u0131msal uygulamalar kullanan bir \u00fcretim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Demeter gibi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n standartlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ba\u011flar\u0131 de\u011fil, \u015farap \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini de kapsayabilir.<\/p>\n

Nat\u00fcrel \/ Do\u011fal \u015earap:<\/h3>\n

Yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evesi hen\u00fcz k\u00fcresel kurallara ba\u011flanmam\u0131\u015f bir felsefe ve yap\u0131m yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>d\u0131r. Organik veya biyodinamik yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn mahzende end\u00fcstriyel maya kat\u0131lmadan, enzim, durultucu, asit d\u00fczeltici eklenmeden, filtrelenmeden ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit (SO2) hi\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmadan ya da eser miktarda tutularak \u015faraba d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir. Burada da sertifikaland\u0131rma s\u00fcrecinden ziyade beyan esas\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

Bitti sanmay\u0131n. May\u0131n tarlas\u0131ndaki y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcz uzun. Devam edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015earap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda s\u0131k kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fckler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz kadar masum de\u011fil. \u00dcz\u00fcm t\u00fcr\u00fc ve \u00e7e\u015fidinden teruara, ya\u015fl\u0131 asmadan antik \u00fcz\u00fcmlere, organik, biyodinamik ve nat\u00fcrel \u015faraba kadar kavramlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte ne s\u00f6yledi\u011fine bak\u0131yoruz.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":994613,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[275],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-994610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sarap-terminolojisi"],"yoast_head":"\nMay\u0131nl\u0131 Kavramlar 2: Terimleri Do\u011fru Kullanmak - Wayana Wine Bar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00dcz\u00fcm t\u00fcr\u00fc m\u00fc, \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidi mi? Teruar nedir, ya\u015fl\u0131 asma ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r? Organik, biyodinamik ve nat\u00fcrel \u015farap ne anlama gelir?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/en\/sarap-terimleri-uzum-cesidi-teruar-yasli-asma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"May\u0131nl\u0131 Kavramlar 2: Terimleri Do\u011fru Kullanmak - Wayana Wine Bar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00dcz\u00fcm t\u00fcr\u00fc m\u00fc, \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidi mi? Teruar nedir, ya\u015fl\u0131 asma ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r? 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