{"id":995507,"date":"2026-11-07T00:00:58","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T21:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/?p=995507"},"modified":"2026-11-07T00:00:58","modified_gmt":"2026-11-06T21:00:58","slug":"asma-genetigi-jose-vouillamoz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wayanatapas.com\/ja\/asma-genetigi-jose-vouillamoz\/","title":{"rendered":"Asma D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015ea\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 Genetik S\u0131rlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda, WAYANA\u2019dan \u00f6nceki markam\u0131z BEPPE\u2019de, pizzan\u0131n yan\u0131na ikinci ana \u00fcr\u00fcn kategorisi olarak \u015farab\u0131 koymaya karar verdik. O zamana kadar \u015farapla ili\u015fkimiz s\u0131radan bir e\u015flik\u00e7i ili\u015fkisiydi. Ancak i\u015fin bize y\u00fckledi\u011fi profesyonel sorumluluk gere\u011fi \u00f6\u011frenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131ktan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra, \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn kalan k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u015farap \u00f6\u011frencisi olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 fark ettik.<\/p>\n

Konuyla ilgili kaynaklar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda edindi\u011fimiz ilk kitaplardan biri Wine Grapes<\/em> oldu. \u0130n\u015faatlarda kullan\u0131lan briket hacmindeki bu kitap \u00fc\u00e7 uzman taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu isimlerden biri Jos\u00e9 Vouillamoz\u2019du. Jos\u00e9\u2019nin ad\u0131yla ilk kez bu kitapta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131m. Sonras\u0131nda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 uzaktan hep izledim.<\/p>\n

Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131l almaz \u00fcz\u00fcm zenginli\u011fi elbette Jos\u00e9\u2019nin de ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Nitekim ilerleyen y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrk \u00fcz\u00fcmleriyle ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda hepimizi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan sonu\u00e7larla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Aradan y\u0131llar ge\u00e7ti. 1 Kas\u0131m 2026 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunumu izledim ve b\u00f6ylece kendisiyle y\u00fcz y\u00fcze tan\u0131\u015fma f\u0131rsat\u0131 buldum. Yo\u011fun i\u00e7eri\u011fe sahip sunumunu benimle payla\u015fma nezaketini de g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131, o sunumun \u00f6zeti ve benim yorumlar\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Jos\u00e9 Vouillamoz’un \u0130stanbul’daki sunumundan notlar<\/h2>\n

Vouillamoz, asma geneti\u011fi alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131, bu disiplinin \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden Carole Patricia Meredith’in rehberli\u011finde, U.C. Davis kamp\u00fcs\u00fcnde bulmu\u015f.Sunum s\u0131ras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 anekdotlardan biri de kendisinin yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 erken d\u00f6nem DNA ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndan birinin maliyetiyle ilgiliydi. Anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n maliyeti 23 milyon dolar\u0131 bulmu\u015ftu. Bug\u00fcnse benzer genetik analizler birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz dolara yap\u0131labiliyor. Aradan ge\u00e7en y\u0131llarda teknolojinin maliyetleri nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini anlatmak i\u00e7in bundan daha \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek bulmak zor.<\/p>\n

\u015euras\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ek ki art\u0131k DNA profillerinin de\u015fifre olmas\u0131yla daha \u00f6nce ula\u015fmam\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bilgilere ula\u015fabiliyoruz. Nitekim Vouillamoz da sunumunda, asma d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n, bu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ara\u00e7 sayesinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan girift evreninde bizleri bir yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu yolculuktaki sat\u0131r ba\u015flar\u0131na birlikte bakal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Chardonnay’nin bilinmeyen ebeveyni: Gouais Blanc<\/h2>\n

Chardonnay, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f beyaz \u015farapl\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden biri. Peki, Chardonnay’nin ebeveynlerinden birinin uzun y\u0131llar boyunca s\u0131radan, hatta de\u011fersiz kabul edilen Gouais Blanc oldu\u011funu biliyor muydunuz?<\/p>\n

1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan genetik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, Chardonnay’nin Pinot ile Gouais Blanc’\u0131n do\u011fal \u00e7aprazlanmas\u0131ndan do\u011fdu\u011funu ortaya koydu. \u00dcstelik bu iki \u00e7e\u015fidin birlikteli\u011finden yaln\u0131zca Chardonnay de\u011fil, Gamay ve Aligot\u00e9 gibi ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli \u00e7e\u015fitler de ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vouillamoz sunumunda Pinot ile Gouais Blanc’\u0131n 21 ortak yavrusunu s\u0131ralad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gouais Blanc’\u0131n genetik etkisi bununla da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Sunumda, bu \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn 82’den fazla \u00e7e\u015fidin ebeveyni oldu\u011fu belirtildi. Riesling ve Furmint gibi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitler de bu geni\u015f aile a\u011f\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar pek \u00f6nemsenmeyen bu \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn Avrupa ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n genetik miras\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131. Vouillamoz’un Gouais Blanc’\u0131 ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n Kazanova’s\u0131<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 da bundan kaynaklan\u0131yor. Bug\u00fcn Gouais Blanc’\u0131n kendisi olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da \u00fcretici taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Sunumda d\u00fcnya genelinde bu \u00fcz\u00fcmle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 18 \u00fcreticiye yer verilmi\u015fti. Vouillamoz’un anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re bu \u00fcreticilerle birlikte 2 \u015eubat’\u0131n Uluslararas\u0131 Gouais Blanc G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir giri\u015fim ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015flar. Hen\u00fcz resm\u00ee bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmam\u0131\u015f olsa da, \u00fcreticiler her y\u0131l 2 \u015eubat’ta birer kadeh Gouais Blanc ile bu g\u00fcn\u00fc kutluyorlarm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Kolorko ger\u00e7ekte kim?<\/h2>\n

Sunumun T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en dikkat \u00e7ekici b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden biri Kolorko \u00fczerineydi. Marmara Denizi’nin kuzey k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, Tekirda\u011f \u00e7evresinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Kolorko, uzun y\u0131llar yerel bir \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidi olarak bilindi.<\/p>\n

Vouillamoz’un Kolorko ile tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir’de d\u00fczenlenen Digital Wine Communication Conference s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f. Pa\u015faeli \u015earap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k’\u0131n kurucusu Seyit Karag\u00f6zo\u011flu’nun kendisine tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kolorko, daha sonra genetik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n konusu olmu\u015f. 2017-2018 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen DNA analizleri, Kolorko’nun Macaristan’\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc Tokaj b\u00f6lgesiyle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fen Furmint ile genetik olarak ayn\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fit oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015f. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yaz\u0131m\u0131za buradan ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Bu bulgu yeni bir soruyu g\u00fcndeme getiriyor: Furmint, Macaristan’dan Trakya’ya nas\u0131l ula\u015ft\u0131? Vouillamoz, sunumunda Macar soylusu II. Ferenc R\u00e1k\u00f3czi’nin (1676-1735) Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndaki ya\u015fam\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekerek olas\u0131 bir tarihsel ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 sorguluyor. Ancak bunun hen\u00fcz bir hipotez oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izelim: Kolorko ile Furmint’in genetik \u00f6zde\u015fli\u011fi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma bulgusu; \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn Trakya’ya hangi tarihte ve hangi yolla ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise hen\u00fcz yan\u0131tlanmam\u0131\u015f bir soru.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kolorko’nun hik\u00e2yesi bununla da bitmiyor. Furmint’in ebeveynlerinden biri Gouais Blanc. Di\u011feri ise Bisetta ya da Alba Imputotato olarak bilinen \u00fcz\u00fcm. Bu ikinci ebeveyn, T\u00fcrkiye ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir ilgin\u00e7 ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n da merkezinde bulunuyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcm, S\u0131rbistan k\u00f6kenli Prokupac ile birlikte Papazkaras\u0131’n\u0131n da ebeveynlerinden biri olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece Trakya’n\u0131n Kolorko ve Papazkaras\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcmleri, genetik soy a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden Orta Avrupa ve Balkanlar’daki ba\u015fka \u00e7e\u015fitlerle ili\u015fkilendirilebiliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7alkaras\u0131: Denizli’den Girit’e uzanan bir ba\u011f<\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli hik\u00e2ye \u00c7alkaras\u0131’na ait. Denizli’nin \u00c7al il\u00e7esiyle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fen bu \u00fcz\u00fcm, b\u00f6lgenin ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli temsilcilerinden biri. Geleneksel olarak roze \u015farap \u00fcretimiyle tan\u0131nsa da son y\u0131llarda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015farap \u00fcretiminde de de\u011ferlendiriliyor.<\/p>\n

Vouillamoz’un 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve hen\u00fcz bilimsel olarak yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f DNA ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, \u00c7alkaras\u0131’n\u0131n Girit Adas\u0131’nda yeti\u015ftirilen Liatiko ile genetik olarak ayn\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fit oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu bulgu, Ege Denizi’nin iki yakas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki tarihsel ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131. \u00c7alkaras\u0131 Anadolu’dan Girit’e mi ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131? Yoksa ters y\u00f6nde bir hareket mi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti? Belki de iki b\u00f6lgeye ba\u015fka bir merkezden yay\u0131ld\u0131. Genetik \u00f6zde\u015flik bu sorulara tek ba\u015f\u0131na yan\u0131t vermiyor. Ancak iki co\u011frafyan\u0131n ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k tarihini birlikte ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir gerek\u00e7e sunuyor.<\/p>\n

Vouillamoz’un yak\u0131n zamanda Toros Da\u011flar\u0131’nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rma da bu hik\u00e2yeye yeni bir boyut kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Likya \u015earaplar\u0131’ndan Burak \u00d6zkan ve G\u00f6knur G\u00fcndo\u011fan ile Antalya \u00e7evresinde eski asmalar\u0131n izini s\u00fcren Vouillamoz, Selge b\u00f6lgesinde a\u011fa\u00e7lara sar\u0131larak b\u00fcy\u00fcyen asmalar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada al\u0131nan \u00f6rneklerden birinin DNA analizinde \u00c7alkaras\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunumda a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu sonu\u00e7, \u00c7alkaras\u0131’n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Denizli ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmayan bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u00c7al, Girit ve Toroslar aras\u0131nda kurulan bu genetik ba\u011flant\u0131, Anadolu ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz yeterince ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f tarihine yeni sorular ekliyor.<\/p>\n

Dokuz y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden gelen \u00fcz\u00fcm: Savagnin<\/h2>\n

Genetik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yaln\u0131zca \u00fcz\u00fcmlerin ebeveynlerini bulmakla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Bazen ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan bir \u00e7e\u015fidin kimli\u011fini de do\u011frulayabiliyor. Fransa’n\u0131n Orl\u00e9ans kentindeki Prieur\u00e9 de La Madeleine arkeolojik alan\u0131nda bulunan yakla\u015f\u0131k 900 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7ekirdekleri \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan DNA analizleri, bunlardan birinin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Savagnin olarak bilinen \u00e7e\u015fitle genetik olarak e\u015fle\u015fti\u011fini ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nature Plants<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bug\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirilen bir \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidinin y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6nce de ayn\u0131 genetik kimlikle var oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemliydi. Vouillamoz, Savagnin’i bu nedenle genetik olarak do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f en eski \u015farapl\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden biri olarak sunuyor.<\/p>\n

Savagnin’in hik\u00e2yesi yaln\u0131zca ya\u015f\u0131yla ilgili de\u011fil. Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Gr\u00fcner Veltliner ve Trousseau gibi \u00e7e\u015fitler de Savagnin’in geni\u015f soy a\u011fac\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Vouillamoz, bu \u00e7e\u015fitlerin co\u011frafi da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 incelerken Fransa’dan \u0130spanya’ya uzanan tarih\u00ee Santiago de Compostela hac yollar\u0131na da dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n hareket etti\u011fi yollar, asmalar\u0131n da ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yollar olabilir mi? Bu ba\u011flant\u0131, genetik bulgularla tarihsel co\u011frafyan\u0131n birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesinin ne kadar ilgin\u00e7 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Merlot’nun kay\u0131p ebeveyni<\/h2>\n

Merlot d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en yayg\u0131n yeti\u015ftirilen k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015farapl\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden biri. Ancak yak\u0131n zamana kadar ebeveynlerinden yaln\u0131zca biri, Cabernet Franc, biliniyordu. Di\u011fer ebeveynin kimli\u011fi ise uzun y\u0131llar boyunca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Hik\u00e2ye 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa’n\u0131n Bretagne b\u00f6lgesindeki Saint-Suliac’ta bulunan eski bir asmayla ba\u015flad\u0131. Sonraki y\u0131llarda Charentes ve Gers b\u00f6lgelerinde bulunan ba\u015fka ya\u015fl\u0131 asmalar\u0131n da ayn\u0131 genetik kimli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlendi. Bu \u00fcz\u00fcme Magdeleine Noire des Charentes ad\u0131 verildi.<\/p>\n

2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Magdeleine Noire des Charentes ile Cabernet Franc’\u0131n Merlot’nun do\u011fal ebeveynleri oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Vouillamoz’un sunumunda bu ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n neredeyse bir dedektiflik hik\u00e2yesi gibi anlat\u0131lmas\u0131 bo\u015funa de\u011fildi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden birinin kay\u0131p ebeveyni, ticari ba\u011flarda de\u011fil, farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015famaya devam eden birka\u00e7 eski asmada bulunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rnek, ya\u015fl\u0131 asmalar\u0131n ve unutulmu\u015f yerel \u00e7e\u015fitlerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131n neden \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu \u00e7ok iyi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Syrah’\u0131n \u0130talyan akrabalar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Sunumun son hik\u00e2yesi Syrah \u00fczerineydi.<\/p>\n

Uzun y\u0131llar boyunca Syrah’\u0131n k\u00f6kenine ili\u015fkin farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Ancak DNA analizleri, bu \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn Fransa’n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusuyla ili\u015fkili Dureza ve Mondeuse Blanche \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin do\u011fal \u00e7aprazlanmas\u0131ndan do\u011fdu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Bu sonu\u00e7 Syrah’\u0131n yak\u0131n ebeveynlerini a\u00e7\u0131klasa da daha geni\u015f aile hik\u00e2yesi burada bitmiyor. Vouillamoz’un ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, Syrah’\u0131n genetik soy a\u011fac\u0131nda \u0130talya’da yeti\u015ftirilen Teroldego ve Aglianico gibi \u00e7e\u015fitlerle de ba\u011flant\u0131lar bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Sunumun bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan \u201cSyrah yar\u0131 \u0130talyan m\u0131?\u201d<\/strong> sorusu, kesin bir co\u011frafi k\u00f6ken tan\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok, \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kabul edilen tarihlerini yeniden de\u011ferlendirmeye y\u00f6nelik bir davetti. DNA ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, bug\u00fcn farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerin ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k kimlikleriyle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitlerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczden \u00e7ok daha yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7inde bulunmu\u015f olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dcz\u00fcmlerin gelece\u011fi, ge\u00e7mi\u015flerinde sakl\u0131 olabilir<\/h2>\n

Jos\u00e9 Vouillamoz’un sunumundan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilecek en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lardan biri, \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin yaln\u0131zca bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ticari de\u011ferleri \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirilmemesi gerekti\u011fi. Vouillamoz’un Gouais Blanc hakk\u0131nda anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka hik\u00e2ye de bu \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn ge\u00e7mi\u015fte nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin. Anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re baz\u0131 ba\u011f sahipleri, daha k\u0131ymetli g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri \u00e7e\u015fitleri korumak i\u00e7in ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131na Gouais Blanc dikiyorlarm\u0131\u015f. B\u00f6ylece ba\u011fa izinsiz girenlerin \u00f6nce bu daha az de\u011fer verilen \u00fcz\u00fcmlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131yormu\u015f. O d\u00f6nemde ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f kabul edilen bu \u00e7e\u015fidin, bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en de\u011ferli \u00fcz\u00fcmlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ebeveyni oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, tarihin ho\u015f bir ironisi.<\/p>\n

Merlot’nun kay\u0131p ebeveyninin birka\u00e7 ya\u015fl\u0131 asmada bulunmas\u0131 da ayn\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Kolorko, Papazkaras\u0131 ve \u00c7alkaras\u0131 \u00fczerine ortaya konulan bulgular ayr\u0131ca \u00f6nemli. Bunlar Anadolu ve Trakya ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tarih boyunca \u00e7evre co\u011frafyalarla kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkileri ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeni olanaklar sunuyor.<\/p>\n

Fakat belki de as\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan, hen\u00fcz ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitler. Anadolu’nun farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde, eski k\u00f6y ba\u011flar\u0131nda, terk edilmi\u015f arazilerde veya a\u011fa\u00e7lara sar\u0131larak b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam eden asmalar aras\u0131nda hangi genetik hik\u00e2yelerin sakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu hen\u00fcz bilmiyoruz.<\/p>\n

Vouillamoz’un Toroslar’da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bu sorunun yaln\u0131zca ge\u00e7mi\u015fle de\u011fil, gelecekle de ilgili oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidinin bug\u00fcn ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemsiz g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, yar\u0131n ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in de\u011ferli \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, kurakl\u0131k, hastal\u0131klar ve de\u011fi\u015fen yeti\u015ftirme ko\u015fullar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilece\u011fimiz genetik \u00f6zellikler, bug\u00fcn korumay\u0131 ihmal etti\u011fimiz asmalarda bulunabilir.<\/p>\n

Son S\u00f6z<\/h2>\n

Yaz\u0131y\u0131 Vouillamoz’un ilgin\u00e7 bir de\u011ferlendirmesiyle sonland\u0131ral\u0131m. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde PIWI olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, mantar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131 yeni \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitleri geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 asmalar\u0131n genetik \u00f6zelliklerinden yararlan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Vouillamoz ise kendi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n biraz farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ancak bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn yeterince kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sanki biraz da serzeni\u015fte bulunarak anlatt\u0131. \u00d6nerisinin temelinde \u015fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yat\u0131yor: Tarih boyunca onlarca nitelikli \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fidinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunan Pinot ve Gouais Blanc, neden bug\u00fcn\u00fcn bilimsel ve teknik olanaklar\u0131yla yeniden \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n merkezine al\u0131nmas\u0131n?<\/p>\n

Bu iki \u00e7e\u015fidin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kendili\u011finden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00e7aprazlanmalar\u0131ndan do\u011fan \u00fcz\u00fcmlere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, b\u00f6yle bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne kadar ilgin\u00e7 sonu\u00e7lar verebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden edemiyoruz. Belki de ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelece\u011finde arad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 yan\u0131tlar, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki bu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc genetik birliktelikte sakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Te\u015fekk\u00fcrler Jos\u00e9, ufkumuzu geni\u015fletti\u011fin i\u00e7in.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Jos\u00e9 Vouillamoz, Family Stories in Wine Grapes<\/em>, Masters of Wine in T\u00fcrkiye, 2026. Sunum.<\/li>\n
  • Bowers ve di\u011ferleri (1999). \u201cHistorical genetics: the parentage of Chardonnay, Gamay, and other wine grapes of Northeastern France.\u201d Science<\/em>, 285, 1562\u20131565.<\/li>\n
  • Lacombe ve di\u011ferleri (2013). \u201cLarge scale parentage analysis in an extended set of grapevine cultivars.\u201d Theoretical and Applied Genetics<\/em>.<\/li>\n
  • Laucou ve di\u011ferleri (2018). \u201cExtended diversity analysis of cultivated grapevine Vitis vinifera with 10K genome-wide SNPs.\u201d PLOS ONE<\/em>, 13(2).<\/li>\n
  • Ramos-Madrigal ve di\u011ferleri (2019). \u201cPalaeogenomic insights into the origins of French grapevine diversity.\u201d Nature Plants<\/em>, 5, 595\u2013603.<\/li>\n
  • Boursiquot ve di\u011ferleri (2009). \u201cParentage of Merlot and related winegrape cultivars of southwestern France: discovery of the missing link.\u201d Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research<\/em>, 15(2), 144\u2013155.<\/li>\n
  • Vouillamoz ve Grando (2006). \u201cGenealogy of wine grape cultivars: \u2018Pinot\u2019 is related to \u2018Syrah\u2019.\u201d Heredity<\/em>, 97(2), 102\u2013110.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Not:<\/strong> Kolorko-Furmint ve \u00c7alkaras\u0131-Liatiko \u00f6zde\u015flikleri ile Toroslar’daki \u00c7alkaras\u0131 bulgusu, sunumda Vouillamoz’un hen\u00fcz yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Chardonnay’nin bilinmeyen ebeveyni, Kolorko ile Furmint’in genetik \u00f6zde\u015fli\u011fi, \u00c7alkaras\u0131’n\u0131n Girit’e uzanan hik\u00e2yesi\u2026 Asma geneti\u011finin \u00f6nc\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan Jos\u00e9 Vouillamoz’un \u0130stanbul’daki sunumundan hareketle, DNA ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcm akrabal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve Anadolu ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 anlam\u0131 inceliyoruz.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":995509,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-995507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bagcilik-ve-asmalar"],"yoast_head":"\nAsma Geneti\u011fi: Jos\u00e9 Vouillamoz'un Ke\u015fifleri<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Asma geneti\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 neleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor? 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